safe operation of a smart power system

Within the context of smart grids, there are different kinds of supporting technologies, such as smart meters that can help monitor energy consumption and promote more effective distribution.[1]. The total cost of a stronger transmission system would be about US$82 billion over the next decade. These smart power systems yield a 77% increase in efficiency, lower the total cost of ownership, and gather data about the health of power, battery backup, and critical access control and security devices. The digitization of such systems may enable remote attacks to grow rapidly, potentially spanning countries or even continents. Despite some similarities, the electric power grid is quite different from gas, oil, and water networks: phase shifters rather than valves are used, and there is no way to store significant amounts of electricity. margin: 0 0.07em !important; It also points out known safety issues with localized electric power generation systems that will be more enabled by smart grid technology. 2004. Anthony M. Giacomoni is with the University of Minnesota. Thus it is probable that a well-organized, determined group of terrorists could take out portions of the grid as they have previously done in the United States, Colombia, and other locations around the globe. Increased integration of large-scale renewable energy systems . 'timing_complete' : hitObject.eventAction; __gtagDataLayer(type, name, parameters); A MODULAR APPROACH TO SMART-GRID SAFETY IEEE, vol. John Woltman, president of Smart Power Systems, says the company's generators "will uniquely provide trucks J1939-compatible communication plus advanced diagnostic capabilities." In these higher overvoltage categories (IV and III), the value of the mains transient voltages is higher than it would be expected for general indoor-use Category II AC-mains connected appliances. Smart Decision, 2010, unpublished internal Alcatel-Lucent article. }); The existing power delivery system is vulnerable to both natural disasters and intentional attack. A July 2010 article in The Economist quoted one senior American military source as saying, If any country were found to be planting logic bombs on the grid, it would provoke the equivalent of the Cuban missile crisis. Furthermore, currently more than 90% of successful cyberattacks take advantage of known vulnerabilities and misconfigured operating systems, servers, and network devices. Possible threats to the electrical grid introduced by the use of AMI include: As more utilities move toward using Internet Protocol (IP)based systems for wide area communications and as the trend of using standardized protocols continues throughout the industry, maintaining the security of such devices will be critical. Wide output frequency range - two ranges available from . Furthermore, IEC 62368-1, the new international hazard-based safety engineering standard for audio/video, information and communication technology is well-suited for use in this modular-safety approach. return true; One possible means of increasing the physical security of power lines is to bury them. This may mean putting telecommunication protectorsprimary (voltage) or secondary (power-cross) at each end of a campus-run communication conductor where there exist an exposure to lightning or to accidental contact with electric power conductors. Moreover, cyber, communication, and control layers add new benefits only if they are designed correctly and securely. But these systems are also used by people who live near the grid and wish to obtain independence from the power provider or demonstrate a commitment to non . The security of cyber and communication networks is fundamental to the reliable operation of the grid. No electrician needed. 24, no. Links between the power grid and telecommunications systems as well as between electrical power lines and oil, water, and gas pipelines continue to be the lynchpins of energy supply networks. if (__gtagTrackerIsOptedOut()) { You can also use the thermostat's app to control the temperature. __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); In the New York City blackout of 1977, for example, damage from looting and arson alone totaled about US$155 millionroughly half of its total cost. Power System Dynamic State and Parameter Estimation, Blackouts Lessons for Power System Reliability. }; Additionally, to create a smarter end-to-end power delivery system, we must invest between US$17 and US$24 billion over the next 20 years. var exactmetrics_frontend = {"js_events_tracking":"true","download_extensions":"zip,mp3,mpeg,pdf,docx,pptx,xlsx,rar","inbound_paths":"[{\"path\":\"\\\/go\\\/\",\"label\":\"affiliate\"},{\"path\":\"\\\/recommend\\\/\",\"label\":\"affiliate\"}]","home_url":"https:\/\/magazine.ieee-pes.org","hash_tracking":"false","ua":"UA-3983727-10","v4_id":""};/* ]]> */ 2, no. This standard provides requirements and considerations for enclosure construction, overvoltage category consideration, and pollution degrees (environmental exposure) associated with information technology and communications equipment installed outdoors. } As such, a good approach to the safety evaluation of this merged technology is to take a modular approach, and evaluate the merged technologies for safety as components. A smart power system gives its users intelligible monitoring and maintenance of the power being driven to your security system. The larger the amount of data is, the lower the density of valuable information will be. Figure 3. Electric terrorism: grid component targets, 19942004 (source: Journal of Energy Security). Rochester, This paper describes the security risks, security objectives and security research trends in smart grid. Three of the dissimulation techniques described are: Likewise, three of the simulation techniques described are: Deception will need to play a key role in smart grid defense mechanisms. Currently, Nick is the president of Electric Power & Energy Consulting (EPEC)and an adjunct professor withUC San Diego. Smart switch applications Smart switches can be used in numerous applications, with motor and LED drivers being among the most common. Finally, no matter how many layers of security or how much sophistication is used in defense mechanisms, it is essential that the industry hire qualified people. In most cases, this will be achieved by use of DC storage batteries that invert the electrical energy to AC for local use or for sale back to the electric company. Prevention of access to live parts at high electrical energy levels; Prevention of access to live parts at shock potentials; Ventilation of batteries that outgas explosive gases, such as hydrogen from lead-acid batteries. AMI enables consumer-friendly efficiency concepts like Prices to Devices. With this, assuming that energy is priced on what it costs in near real-time, price signals are relayed to smart home controllers or end-consumer devices like thermostats, washer/dryers, or refrigerators, typically the major consumers of electricity in the home. __gaTracker.apply(null, args); } args.unshift('send'); Contact: For more information about this course, please email [email protected], Course Number:ECE-40314 Our complete line of power solutions give you the reassurance of knowing that no matter what issues come your way, your equipment will be safe. Articles 1-20. 3, pp. } IEC 60950-1, Edition 2.0, 2005-12, Information Technology Equipment Safety- Part 1: General Requirements, International Electrotechnical Commission. Analogously, customized and cost-effective advancements are both possible and essential to enable smarter and more secure electric power infrastructures. While smart power systems may increase upfront cost slightly, they provide tremendous value in active supervision of power failures, smart battery charging to extend life, and power condition monitoring and reporting. display: inline !important; var gaMap = { } Energy & Power Our smart power system provider of choice, LifeSafety Power, lets end-users monitor power consumption for security systems proactively, spotting and reporting outages and other problems before they occur. } Since smart grids will involve the merger of new and familiar technologies, it would make sense to take a modular approach to safety. Energy Security, June 2009. About Smart Power -. The trend of connecting electrical control systems to the Internet exposes all layers of a system to possible attack. This strong interdependence means that an action in one part of an infrastructure network can rapidly create global effects by cascading throughout the same network and even into other networks. Online Asynchronous.This course is entirely web-based and to be completed asynchronously between the published course start and end dates. function gaOptout() { Smart GridSafe, Secure, Self-Healing | IEEE Power & Energy Magazine if (type === 'event') { Grid congestion and atypical power flows have been increasing during the last 25 years, while customer expectations of reliability and cyber and physical security are rising to meet the needs of a pervasively digital world. return false; Configurable and field upgradeable power supplies with output power from 50kW to 400kW. if ('pageview' === arguments[1]) { var em_no_track_reason = ''; Information Technology Education var p = Tracker.prototype; The Handbook of Research on Smart Power System Operation and Control is a collection of innovative researc Because society depends greatly on electric energy, power system control and protection focuses on ensuring a secure . Sign up to hear about __gaTracker.getByName = newtracker; Due to the increasingly sophisticated nature and speed of malicious code, intrusions, and DoS attacks, human responses may be inadequate.Figure 4 shows the evolution of cyberthreats over the last two decades and the types of responses that can be used to combat them effectively. Investment in a smart grid would nearly pay for itself by reducing stupendous outage costs, a savings of US$49 billion per year, and improving energy efficiency, a savings of US$20.4 billion per year. Figure 2 shows the percentage of terrorist attacks aimed at each of the major grid components. The driving scientific motivation is to further our understanding of adaptive self-healing and self-organizing mechanisms that can be applied to the development of secure, resilient, and robust overlaid and integrated energy, power, sensing, communication, and control networks. IEC 60950-22 for Outdoor Information Technology and Communication Circuits, As both IEC 60950-1 and IEC 62368-1 standards reference IEC 60950-22 as a supplemental standard for equipment installed outdoors. What is most concerning about such reports is mainly one portion of an early article: The response to the alert was mixed. Nevertheless, the goal of transforming the current infrastructures into self-healing energy delivery, computer, and communications networks with unprecedented robustness, reliability, efficiency, and quality for customers and our society is ambitious. 624631. A popular comparison that points out the magnitude of change in the telecommunication industry as opposed to that of the power industry is to hypothetically transport Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Edison to the 21st century, and allow them to observe the modern forms of the telecommunications and power industries that they helped create. A 2008 survey by the Computer Security Institute and the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation of data compiled from 522 computer security practitioners and senior executives of U.S. corporations, government agencies, financial and medical institutions, and universities reported that within a 12-month period, 59% of the respondents experienced an attack from a virus, 29% reported unauthorized use of computer services, and 44% reported insider abuse. Medical Data stored at the meter and transmitted over communication networks must also meet standard cybersecurity requirements, including confidentiality, integrity, availability, and nonrepudiation. The potential exists to create an electricity system that provides the same efficiency, precision, and interconnectivity as the billions of microprocessors that it will power. This file is auto-generated */ Awareness, education, and pragmatic tool development in this vital area continue to remain challenges. As these separate technologies become merged, much of the safety considerations will have to be merged and reconciled as well, particularly at interfaces. 3, pp. Mr. Gies graduated from Rutgers University College of Engineering as an electrical engineer. Call twitch soundtrack search. substations are used to transform voltage at several times in many locations, that providing safe and reliable delivery of energy. A security framework is considered as the skeleton on which various elements are integrated for the appropriate management of security risk. In April 2009, The Wall Street Journal reported that cyber spies had infiltrated the U.S. electric grid and left behind software that could be used to disrupt the system. Still, Mr. Edison would be just as astonished as Mr. Graham Bell with the present power grid technology as it is today. Case 3: The smart grid with the adopted LPC can be seen as an active smart grid system; the active smart grid is reconstituted in order to minimize distribution losses in real time. body{--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 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